Land masses and oceanic currents drive population structure of Heritiera littoralis,a widespread mangrove in the Indo‐West Pacific

Phylogeographic forces driving evolution of sea‐dispersed plants are often influenced by regional and species characteristics, although not yet deciphered at a large spatial scale for many taxa like the mangrove species Heritiera littoralis. This study aimed to assess geographic distribution of genetic variation of this widespread mangrove in the Indo‐West Pacific region and identify the phylogeographic factors influencing its present‐day distribution. Analysis of five chloroplast DNA fragments’ sequences from 37 populations revealed low genetic diversity at the population level and strong genetic structure of H. littoralis in this region. The estimated divergence times between the major genetic lineages indicated that glacial level changes during the Pleistocene epoch induced strong genetic differentiation across the Indian and Pacific Oceans. In comparison to the strong genetic break imposed by the Sunda Shelf toward splitting the lineages of the Indian and Pacific Oceans, the genetic differentiation between Indo‐Malesia and Australasia was not so prominent. Long‐distance dispersal ability of H. littoralis propagules helped the species to attain transoceanic distribution not only across South East Asia and Australia, but also across the Indian Ocean to East Africa. However, oceanic circulation pattern in the South China Sea was found to act as a barrier creating further intraoceanic genetic differentiation. Overall, phylogeographic analysis in this study revealed that glacial vicariance had profound influence on population differentiation in H. littoralis and caused low genetic diversity except for the refugia populations near the equator which might have persisted through glacial maxima. With increasing loss of suitable habitats due to anthropogenic activities, these findings therefore emphasize the urgent need for conservation actions for all populations throughout the distribution range of H. littoralis.     

四川蜂桶寨笼养绿尾虹雉的饲养繁殖

为提高笼养绿尾虹雉(Lophophorus lhuysi)的繁殖能力,2018和2019年在四川蜂桶寨进行了笼养绿尾虹雉的人工繁育研究。8只(3♂,5♀)成年绿尾虹雉分别饲养在4个笼舍中,其中,2个笼舍1雄1雌,1笼舍1雄2雌,1笼舍1雌鸟单养。两年笼养绿尾虹雉共产受精卵16枚,受精率44.44%,人工孵化出雏12只,孵化率75%。孵卵过程中日卵重损失量(Y₁)与孵卵天数(X)之间的回归方程:Y₁=0.375+0.001 X(F=2.995,P>0.05),日卵重损失量与孵卵天数相关性不显著。卵重(Y₂)与孵卵天数(X)极显著相关,Y₂=83.451-0.385X(R²=1,P<0.01)。总之,在现有条件下,建造适宜的绿尾虹雉笼养设施,改进人工孵化条件,是目前提高笼养绿尾虹雉繁殖性能的关键。     

普罗布考联合家庭心脏康复训练对冠心病患者射血分数、血脂的影响分析

目的探讨普罗布考联合家庭康复训练对冠心病患者射血分数及血脂水平的影响。方法选择2018年6月~2020年6月我院收治的冠心病患者110例,按随机数字表法分成对照组和实验组,对照组给予瑞舒伐他汀治疗,实验组在对照组的基础上联合应用普罗布考及家庭康复训练。对两组患者治疗前及治疗后3个月的心功能指标、血脂水平进行检测比较。结果治疗后,两组患者的LVEF水平高于治疗前,LVSD、LVEDD水平低于治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);而两组各指标比较,实验组的LVEF水平更高,LVSD、LVEDD水平更低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后的TG、TC及LDL-C水平均低于治疗前,HDL-C水平高于治疗前,差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05);而两组的各指标比较,实验组的TG、TC及LDL-C水平低于对照组,HDL-C水平高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论普罗布考联合家庭康复训练有助于提高冠心病患者的射血分数,改善血脂代谢水平。     

健康与凋萎病杨梅树体及根围菌群的差异

凋萎病是制约杨梅产业发展的严重病害。为了有效防控凋萎病,本研究分析了杨梅健康和感染凋萎病树体各部位及根表土和根围土中细菌和真菌群落的丰富度与多样性的差异。结果表明: 与健康树相比,病树根围土、根表土、根、枝干、枝皮和叶片的细菌和真菌丰富度均发生了显著变化,其中,根表土细菌和枝皮内真菌的丰富度和多样性均显著降低,而枝皮内细菌和根表土的真菌丰富度和多样性均显著升高。病树各部位及根表、根围土细菌和真菌的优势菌相对丰度在门、纲和属水平上发生了明显的变化,在病树枝干、根和根表土中的假单胞菌属及根表土、根围土中的镰刀菌属的相对丰度明显降低,病树根表土及根围土中青霉菌属的相对丰度明显增加。与凋萎病菌同属的拟盘多毛孢菌在病树根内显著减少,而在其他位置均大量增殖,其相对丰度与多数相对丰度较高的真菌呈正相关。本研究结果将为开发杨梅凋萎病的生态改良、培育健康树体和生物防治技术提供有效的理论依据。     

菜籽饼肥对香蕉枯萎病的防效及其对土壤细菌的影响

研究菜籽饼肥对香蕉枯萎病的防治效果,探究菜籽饼肥施用后对土壤细菌群落的影响.设置2组实验,CN组为菜籽饼肥处理组,YN组为对照实验组.种植120d后,统计各组的发病率;利用qPCR技术检测2组中的FOC4孢子数量;采集2组土壤,利用Illumina Miseq高通量测序平台对CN处理组与YN对照组的土壤细菌群落结构和差异进行分析对比.实验研究发现:(1)施菜籽饼肥的CN处理组枯萎病发病率比YN对照组低63.33％;施用菜籽饼肥的处理土壤中FOC4的数量由2.94×104个/克土下降为1.96×103个/克土,YN对照组土壤中FOC4孢子的数量由2.94×104个/克土上升为4.55×105个/克土,CN处理组较YN对照组枯萎病菌数量下降了 2个数量级;(2)土壤细菌宏基因组微生物分类测序结果显示,CN处理组的Alpha多样性指数均优于YN对照组,这表明施用菜籽饼肥后增加了土壤细菌群落的丰度及多样性;(3)在门水平上,菜籽饼肥处理增加了变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)的相对丰度,同时也降低了酸杆菌门(Acidobact-eria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和Patescibacteria等菌门的相对丰度;在属水平,CN处理组中的不动杆菌属(Aci-netobacter)、水杆菌属(Aquabacterium)、热单胞菌属(Thermomonas)、产黄杆菌属(Rhodanobacter)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和奥托氏菌属(Ottowia)等菌属的相对丰度较YN对照组有明显提高,而酸热菌属(Acidother-mus)、Bryobacter菌属以及Acidipila等菌属相对丰度较YN对照组有所减少.施用菜籽饼肥可以改变土壤中细菌的群落结构,显著降低土壤中FOC4孢子数量,从而降低香蕉枯萎病的发病率.本研究结果为菜籽饼肥用于香蕉枯萎病综合防控提供了理论依据.     

灰毡毛忍冬LmCCoA OMT基因的全长克隆及功能初步分析

绿原酸是灰毡毛忍冬生长发育过程中产生的重要的次级代谢产物,而CCoA OMT是绿原酸合成过程中的关键基因.为进一步揭示灰毡毛忍冬LmCCoA OMT基因的功能,本研究利用RACE技术克隆LmC-CoA OMT全长基因,通过生物信息学进行分析,并在大肠杆菌中表达该蛋白.此外,通过RT-qPCR和HPLC的方法研究CCoA OMT基因表达量和绿原酸的含量之间的相关性.结果显示LmCCoA OMT基因全长1 096 bp(GenBank:MN103348),ORF 735 bp,编码245个氨基酸.系统进化树分析发现LmCCoA OMT与藤本植物牵牛花的亲缘关系最近.生物信息学分析表明LmCCoA OMT的氨基酸序列不具有跨膜结构,其蛋白三级结构主要以α-螺旋和无规卷曲的形式存在.在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中表达结果显示,其分子量为31.36 kD.RT-qPCR及HPLC结果表明,CCoA OMT基因在灰毡毛忍冬和金银花早期花中表达量最高,在末期表达量最低,且表达量与绿原酸含量有相关性.本研究为深入研究LmCCoA OMT基因功能及阐明灰毡毛忍冬绿原酸合成的分子机制提供了科学依据.     

A botanical medicine dragon’s blood exhibited clinical antithrombosis efficacy similar to low molecular weight heparin

Deep vein thrombosis(DVT) is a common complication following traumatic fracture with a 0.5%–1% annual incidence. Low molecular weight heparin(LMWH) is the most commonly used anticoagulation drug for DVT prevention, but treatment with LMWH is invasive. Our aim is to compare the antithrombotic effect of dragon's blood, an oral botanical anticoagulant medicine approved by the Chinese FDA, with LMWH in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery and to explore the molecular mechanisms of anticoagulation treatment. Our study recruited patients and divided them into LMWH and dragon's blood treatment group. Coagulation index tests, Doppler ultrasound and m RNA sequencing were performed before and after anticoagulation therapy. There was no significant difference in postoperative DVT incidence between the two groups(23.1% versus 15.4%,P=0.694). D-dimer(D-D) and fibrinogen degradation product(FDP) showed significant reductions in both groups after anticoagulation treatments. We identified SLC4 A1, PROS1, PRKAR2 B and seven other genes as being differentially expressed during anticoagulation therapy in both groups. Genes correlated with coagulation indexes were also identified. Dragon's blood and LMWH showed similar effects on DVT and produced similar gene expression changes in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery, indicating that dragon's blood is a more convenient antithrombosis medicine(oral) than LMWH(hypodermic injection).     

Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine in comparison with chloroquine in moderate and severe patients with COVID-19

Science China Life Sciences -     

HN1L promotes migration and invasion of breast cancer by up-regulating the expression of HMGB1

Recent reports showed that haematological and neurological expressed 1-like (HN1L) gene participated in tumorigenesis and tumour invasion. However, the expression and role of HN1L in breast cancer remain to be investigated. Here, bioinformatics, western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of HN1L in breast cancer. Wound healing, transwell assay, immunofluorescence assay and mass spectrum were used to explore the role and mechanism of HN1L on the migration and invasion of breast cancer, which was confirmed in vivo using a nude mice model. Results showed that HN1L was significantly over-expressed in breast cancer tissues, which was positively correlated with M metastasis of breast cancer patients. Silencing HN1L significantly inhibited the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells in vitro and lung metastasis in nude mice metastasis model of breast cancer. Mechanistically, HN1L interacted with HSPA9 and affected the expression of HMGB1, playing a key role in promoting the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cell. These results suggested that HN1L was an appealing drug target for breast cancer.     

ARL4C might serve as a prognostic factor and a novel therapeutic target for gastric cancer: bioinformatics analyses and biological experiments

The ADP-ribosylation factor-like proteins (ARLs) have been proved to regulate the malignant phenotypes of several cancers. However, the exact role of ARLs in gastric cancer (GC) remains elusive. In this study, we systematically investigate the expression status, interactive relations, potential pathways, genetic variations and clinical values of ARLs in GC. We find that ARLs are significantly dysregulated in GC and involved in various cancer-related pathways. Subsequently, machine learning models identify ARL4C as one of the two most significant clinical indicators among ARLs for GC. Furthermore, ARL4C silencing remarkably inhibits the growth and metastasis of GC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, enrichment analysis indicates that ARL4C is highly correlated with TGF-β1 signalling. Correspondingly, TGF-β1 treatment dramatically increases ARL4C expression and ARL4C knockdown inhibits the phosphorylation level of Smads, downstream factors of TGF-β1. Meanwhile, the coexpression of ARL4C and TGF-β1 worsens the prognosis of GC patients. Our work comprehensively demonstrates the crucial role of ARLs in the carcinogenesis of GC and the specific mechanisms underlying the GC-promoting effects of TGF-β1. More importantly, we uncover the great promise of ARL4C-targeted therapy in improving the efficacy of TGF-β1 inhibitors for GC patients.